Papers | Joshua Berkowitz

Papers

Quick overviews of the latest science and technology preprint and open access research publications. Short and to the point for busy professionals.

AI-Powered Plant Materials Discovery: Large Language Models Extract Nature's Engineering Secrets

From Ancient Wisdom to Modern Innovation Plants have spent hundreds of millions of years perfecting sophisticated engineering solutions that humans are only beginning to understand. From the elegant m...

artificial intelligence bio-inspired design biomimetics large language models materials discovery plant materials retrieval augmented generation sustainability

Aug 31, 2025

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Papers

Agentic Neural Networks: Self-Evolving Multi-Agent Systems Through Textual Backpropagation

The landscape of artificial intelligence is rapidly evolving as researchers explore new ways to harness the collaborative power of multiple Large Language Models (LLMs). A groundbreaking paper from Lu...

artificial intelligence LLMs multi-agent systems neural networks optimization textual backpropagation

Aug 29, 2025

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Knowledge vs Reasoning in Clinical NLI

Do larger language models naturally learn to reason, or do they mostly get better at recalling facts and mimicking patterns? A new study introduces a Clinical Trial Natural Language Inference benchmar...

Benchmark Causal Attribution Chain of Thought Clinical NLI Compositional Grounding Epistemic Verification GKMRV Knowledge Large Language Models Medical AI Model Evaluation Neuro-symbolic AI Reasoning Risk State Abstraction

Aug 29, 2025

0 297

m-KAILIN Turns Biomedical Literature into AI-ready QA Data

Training capable biomedical language models hinges on having the right data: not just more tokens, but high-fidelity question-answer examples grounded in the structure of biomedical knowledge. The pap...

Biomedical QA Corpus distillation LLM training MeSH ontology Multi-agent systems Ontology-guided evaluation Preference optimization PubMedQA Retrieval-augmented generation Scientific literature

Aug 29, 2025

0 132

Pruning LLMs With Regional Gradients: Inside Wanda++

Large language models are hard to deploy because memory and latency balloon with scale. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025, Yifan Yang and colleagues from the Unive...

AWQ Quantization Fine Tuning Large Language Models LLaMA Model Compression Model Pruning OpenLLaMA Regional Gradients Semi-Structured Sparsity Sparsity TensorRT Wanda++

Aug 29, 2025

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A Deterministic Algorithm that Outpaces Dijkstra on Sparse Graphs

In an arXiv preprint, Breaking the Sorting Barrier for Directed Single-Source Shortest Paths , authors Ran Duan, Longhui Yin et al, present the first deterministic algorithm that beats the classic O (...

algorithms graph algorithms shortest paths theory

Aug 28, 2025

0 1496

QuArch Puts AI Agents to the Test on Computer Architecture

Computer architecture is having an AI moment. Yet despite rapid progress in agentic tooling for coding and verification, hardware-centric knowledge remains stubbornly hard for language models to maste...

AI benchmarking Artificial Intelligence computer architecture Computer Science

Aug 28, 2025

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AI-Powered Discovery of Novel CRISPR-Cas12a Protein Clades Using Large Language Models

A groundbreaking study published in Nature Communications by researchers from Zhejiang Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and ShanghaiTech University has leveraged large language models to systematic...

AlphaFold2 Cas12a CRISPR ESM metagenomics molecular diagnostics protein engineering

Aug 25, 2025

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Forecasting-Driven Kubernetes Autoscaling With Prophet + LSTM

Researchers Pasan Bhanu Guruge and Y.H.P.P. Priyadarshana propose a proactive autoscaling framework for Kubernetes that combines Facebook Prophet and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) forecasting to predi...

autoscaling kubernetes lstm prophet time-series

Aug 20, 2025

0 1023

From Acoustics to Words: How a Unified Embedding Space Mirrors the Brain in Natural Conversation

Language in the wild is messy and continuous. People interrupt, pause, speak over each other, and weave context over minutes and hours. The paper by Goldstein et al. takes this complexity seriou...

ECoG encoding models language neuroscience multimodal embeddings speech comprehension speech production Whisper

Aug 20, 2025

0 517

PASS Puts Probabilities on Agentic Workflows for Safer, Adaptive Chest X-ray AI

Chest X-rays are fast, cheap, and ubiquitous, but reading them well demands careful multi-structure reasoning. The paper PASS introduces a multimodal agentic system that treats chest X-ray (CXR) analy...

agentic systems CXR medical AI multimodal radiology reinforcement learning

Aug 19, 2025

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A Biocompatible Lossen Rearrangement in Escherichia coli: Turning Plastic Waste into Medicine

In a landmark study published in Nature Chemistry ( Johnson et al., 2025 ), researchers from the University of Edinburgh and AstraZeneca have demonstrated a biocompatible version of the Lossen rea...

BioChemistry recycling

Aug 19, 2025

0 550

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